myers



E. V. MYERS.

' SHOC'K ABSORBER.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 76, I915.

Patented Mar. 30,1920.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' INVENTOR I W v E.,V. MYERS.

SHOCK ABSORBER.

I APPLICATION FILED 0CT.IL ,19I5.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

=INVENTOR I J !'IENESSES;

- By. Altorngys,

j Patented Mar. 30, 1920.

E. V. MYERS.-

SHOCK ABSORBER, I APPLICATION man 001.16,:915.

LESQQQQ, Patenwd Mar. 30, 1920.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

INVENTOR [T122516 I fl 6 k f By Allofneys,

lie Asia.

-' lowing is 1:. specification.

This eppiieetion is in part 111;} zippiieuiiozi flied November 17, 199%ieriui Bio. 343,831.

The invention reieies to eo-czi-iied shock absorbers. for automobiiesand other veiiicies. aims to provide certain improvements therein.

in moior or other vehicles having springs the latter are normality at aconsidersbie tension due to the weight of the body the vehicle and theoccupants. ii'hen a hump or tempoiary eievatioii. is is te compressfurther, us the car body tends to maintain iii. position in a horizontalpiaiie in \i'hieh it moving, this heii'w gsarficu ieriy true when the isin rupiti motion. The secondary efier-i which cioseiy foiiows thecompression of spring that the our body is thrim'n 'vioieiiiiy upwarddue to ihe reaciion is spring. When a. depression in the roe ed iseurountererl :1 reverse movement iLHiiQS piece. The our body semis asbefore to maintain its horizontal plane, and the running gear tends todrop ewuy min the body this action taking piece be- -ause the spring isreiieveii temporarily from the weighs of the body. The latter being;temporarily unsupported gravity overcomes its inertia-v and movesdownward i'ioientiy compressing; the springs beyond their normalcondition. It has been the practice heretofore to provide an absorbe'adapted to cheek such violent reections cf the spring. but suchabsorbers have heeu so constructed that they act at :lii times thespring: stiii chm-in hoih the action and reiiction oi the a h 1 z a 1 1Spiififjf. '1 iii viousiy. any drag which is pier-ed upon Life spring(hiring what may he euiied iis actionf that is to say, during itsyieifiing movement when the Wheels pass over an aim" ion or depression,gm'rsiaiiy soy the so ion of the spriiw. Theoretiy the spz'i should heyieiding; as pos- (iii? such acison mm shouid notbe j. the interpositionor any retardciiirmg such urea.

iiwsniion preozieeifleesiou of Letter a (iiwfision. of

form i provide shock uhsor 191' which is adapted so'permia'; the springto yieid freeiy without any retarding effect in eiiher direoiien fromits normzii con- (iition. When, however, the running gear and body seei:fie their norinai relative positions a I'E'iflA-RQh4'; efifecfi isproduced. which permits 5 21 he resume such positions grad-Melly so timesecondary violent movemenf. of shew-er body is avoided. my invention.hov'vever. of retarsum may be imposed upon the spring during its primarymovemenis enoi a. greater degree during she seeouriury movements, ifdesired. So also the absorber may he constructed in such summer that noretarding eii'eet is placed upon she shrine; during those slightmovements which oceur from. minor variations in the romiheii. sheretarding efiee being introduced only in the major movements of thespring and body and such I retarding efieei may be proriuoeai'wg justseated or may be imposed during hot the primary and seconif ymovement's; My inveutioneiso renders 11; possible to graiiuate thedegree of reterriatiou so that it is less (hiring: she ininormovemsntser" the yams and gresier during the major movemeiits thereof. iii itspreferred my invention provides an absorber which permits the use of avery flexible spring; wish. the minimum danger of breakage of theieo'cer and at the same time one in which the minimum jarringirerrsmitiezi to ihe on body. All

danger of crystziiiizution the axle is evoiciei'i :1 11:1 weer upon thetire and shock to the running: gear Lind driving mechanism is reducelfi.ihe invention is applied to a. frictional absorber, or one which doesnot depend upon hydraulic means secure the re tin-ding effect. 3

in the drawings, wherein I have shown several embodimenzs of myinvention,--

Figure 1 is a, een brai vertical section partly in elevation s .owingone form of the inveniioii.

Fig: 2 is :1 cross session. on the line 2 -2 of Fig. i.

Fig. 3 is a. side elevation of another form of the invention.-

a, section on iine 4 4: in Fig. I.

5 is inner face view of one of the perts o h r1 ieeeir View; sir-theoomp1e- Fig. 7 is a sectional View taken on the line 7- in Fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is an elevation partly in section of another form of theinvention.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view of Fig.8 on the line 9-9.

Fig. 10 is an elevation of another form of the. invention.

Fig. 11 is a rear view of a vehicle showing one application of myinvention.

Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, let G indicate a cylindrical or othercasing having its bore enlarged at n. In the cylinder G work twoexpansible pistons or friction de vices H and I. J is a rod adapted tobe pivoted to the car body and connected to the pistons H by toggles 0,0 which are pivoted to the serni-cylindrical sections 71 g of thepistons. The two sections of each piston are pivoted to a cross bar 7through which the rod J works. Each section is provided with an arm a ora" one of which, as s is screw threaded to receive a sleeve 14 whichengages a head formed on the opposite arm 5. By screwing thesleeveupwardly or downwardly the limit of motion of the sections 1) q isadjusted. The device illustrated in Fig. 1 works as follows:

Each piston may move freely toward its end of the cylinder and isexpanded on the return stroke toward normal position. lVhen one pistonismoved toward the end of the cylinder the opposite piston plays idly inthe expanded bore a, not-withstand ing that its toggle is being moved topress the sections apart. Nuts oo are provided for limiting thecontractile movement of the sections, although the same effect may beobtained by the edges of the sections coming together.

In Figs. 3 to 7 I have illustrated a device of similar form to awell-known frictional absorber. In these figures 2 indicates an armwhich is adapted to be pivoted to the vehicle body and 3 indicates asimilar arm adapted to be pivoted to the axle. The arm 2 has formed atits end a disk at and the arm 3 a disk 5. At the left of: the disk d isa disk of leather 6, and at the left of this disk is a metal disk 7. Thepartsare held together by a bolt 8 which has a non'rotative connectionwith the disk 7 and disk 5 and a rotative connection with the disks 4%and (S. Preferably the bolt is squared at its points of connection withthe disks 5 and T. A star spring 9 is pressed against the disk 5 by nuts10 and 11 and serves to place a variable compression upon the parts.Referrin to Figs. 5 to 7 the disk s is provided wit recesses 12 and 13on its inner face and the disk 5 is provided "with a series ct springpressed friction dogs 14, 15., 16 and l? which play in recesses 19, 21.and 253. Two of these recesses 19 and 29 are illustrated in Y. They agetapered in such manner that t dogs 14 and 15 can move in one directifrom the position shown in Fig. 7 without exerting any substantialfriction upon the parts, while in the opposite direction the dogs arepressed toward the small ends of the recesses and are moved outwardlyagainst the disk 4 moving the disk 5 to the right. This action forcesthe bolts 8 to the right pressing the disk 7 against the leather disk 6,and as the parts move toward their normal position the bolt 8 isrotated. carrying with it the disk 7 and producing a retarding movement.The dogs are preferably held in position by pins 25 passing throughslots formed in the dogs. The working faces of the digs of the disk aorboth may be roughened to insure a certain engagement sullicient toactuate thedogs, if desired. lVhen one of the dogs is moving out of therecess 12 the other one is playing idly in the recess. The same actiontakes place-with the dogs 16 and 17. The dogs instead of being the shapeshown in Fig. 7 niavl be circular in form, and pivoted eccentrically, beprovided.

In the frictional devices illustrated a desired amount of free play ofthe parts can be obtained by lengthening the recesses n in Fig. 1. and12 and 13 inFigs. 5 and 7. The retarding etlect may be graduated in boththese constructions bv tapering the walls or any other shape of dog mayleading to the recesses,

In Figs. 8 and 9 I have shown an imjzp-oved form of shock absorber offriction tyjvpe. In these figures indicates a part of the frame and 51an axle. is a plate adapted to be bolted to the frame for instance andlying against the plate is a friction disk which is clamped against theplate 5:2 by a clamping plate ol actuated by a bolt having a nut Thebolt 55 has a flange 57 which bears against the plate 5i with as muchpressure as is placed upon it by the. nut 56. Mounted upon the outer endof the bolt 55 is a clutch disk 58 containing balls 60. Nuts 61, 62serve to hold the disk in place while permitting its free rotation.According to this form of the invention the disk 58 can rotate in onedirection freely but in the opposite direction it clutches the plate 5iand turns the same against the friction of the disk Any other suitableLiOl'lll of friction means may One embodiment of such means is lll) Ithi'sembodiment the disk 58 is 5mins W1th a stud-63 on which ispivoted'a link G-i. On a iug formed on the plate 5-2 is pivoted a1ever65 and this is preferably connects to the axle by a link 66' whichis pivoted on one end to a clamp 67 and on the other end tothe lever 65.The arm 68 of the lever 'tio'is pivoted to thelink 64 preferably so thatthe tWo parts are in alinement. it will be observed that as the lever (iis tilted in either direction from its normahttfifidisk 58 is rotated inthe-direction of tiign arrow in 8. During this movement the clutch doesnot work. On the reverse movement, however, back to normalthe disk isrotated in the opposite direction, and the clutch WOI'kS with the resulttardation is obtained y In Fig. 10 a similar construction is shown. Inthisfigure link 7 is connected to the disk 58 at one end and at itsother end to a pivot 73 carried, by lever 71. Lover 71 is pivoted to theplate 52 at 7 Movements of the .axie are transmitted to the lever '71through link 66. In this construction the idie'movements of'sthe disk 58take place when the link 70 is pushed inthe direction of the arrow, andt e clutching moven'ients take lace is" rink is pulled in the ogiposited' ction.

T .-anisms herein-described may be ntiii in connection with any deviceWher. is desired that movements on'each side of a given point shall havea different efiect. The device of Figs. 8 to 10 provides a ins-chanisnicapable of performing such operation by the use as a one-way clutch, andthis mechanism is adapted according to the present invention for otherpurposes than that herein-described.

It is obvious that instead of there being no retardation on themovements away from a given point, a certain amount of retardation maybe interposed if desired. This may be done among other ways by arranginga friction washer between the parts 54 and 58, so that the clutch diskis under a constant friction.

In the particular construction shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10 it will beobserved that the nearer the axle moves to the vehicle body or thefarther it moves away from the vehicle body, the greater will be theretarding effeet. As the axle reached.

It is obvious that many other forms of device may be constructed toperform the movement ing or absorbing a that a frictional re- 1 in Fig.11,

I moves toward the vehiclebody, the rotation of the clutch isprogresvehicle hotly and axle toward functions neres. to my invention,and i therein do not Wish to limited in any Way the to us shown.

It is 3: J of my invention to provide means having different degrees oiretarding efi'ect, or combinat-iiins of movement and. retardin efiect,in single complete coy one .oif movements in which such teriel, sincebec adapt a retard.- e neonatal position riifierent retardextreme tomerits or pa. effects are r hove myseii to or.

of the to ing or absorbing e such and movements tovmro. I also LC theretarding or at either nets in r a pa oi parts, on non posit ons. rst tovary ient the hefty relatively to running gear. construction is shownmoi oi wherein the absorbers 40, 1-1 are arr-air d obliqueiy transveseiyof the car, insteatfi oi'i'lon itudinaliy thereof. Frefer ably the sameabsorbers adapted. to re tard both. verticai and sideivise move insets,one set effecting both results. C'ther absorbers I that provided by myinvention may be as shown, or in any other. Way which wiil effect thedesired result.

EVhat i l A fricti absorber-having noniuiot means for mov in oppositedirections from a iven point with. a lesser trio-- tion, and means hrmoving in a direction toward said. point r.

i a greater friction.

9. A UQnfil sheen absorber having noniuid. means moving; in eitherdirection toward given point a frictional. retardation, and in adirection away from said given point with a or no retardation.

A frictional shock abshrher having nontiuid means for movingin ogigositedirections from a. given point with a lesser .fricticn, and means formoving toward said point in either direction "with a greater friction. 1

The 'coi'ni'iination with a. vehicle of a nonfiuiri t'rictionairetardingmeans adapted to operate to produce a lesser or no retardationon movements of the axle and FY t v rhe precise more during; I

body of the vehicle in either direction from a. given ,noinai, and'tomove with greater friction in a. direction toward said. normal ma nointin direction,

irictionaiiy retard movements of the a given nor-

